Shellcode
Code activating a payload via command-line instructions
Shellcode is a small piece of code which activates a command-line interface to a system and passes in commands. These instructions will often involve disabling security measures, opening a backdoor to allow remote access to a system, and downloading or activating further malicious code.
Shellcode is often injected into a system and executed via a vulnerability in network-facing software, such as browsers, or in downloadable files such as documents.